Dr. David Vumlallian Zou*
Thumapui
ZouWorkshop 8 September 2010 ni’n, Rev. Henkhothang in “Bang e I sipi ngam ding leh I hinpi ding?” chi thu ahing luikhie hi. America mipite’n mimal zalenna a pibawl dan uh leh a hinsan pen uh ahidan agen pen hoi ka sa hi. Aman hichi’n agen belap hi:
“Pasian guoljawlna jiah in eimite jong Imphal, Delhi, Yangoon te tham lou in America a inn hoipi pi nei jong kitam ta hi … America a a kepching ut ukhu agam hi masa lou in, zalenna (liberty) ahi. Gam neisa Mangkang kumpi gam England nusia in, Zalenna a ngaisang jiah un a pem uhi … Zaleenna umlouna ah gam lianpi leh sum tampi nei lei jong a nopna um thei lou hi. Mimal zalenna … leh satan [right] pingai vai. I nam kikhuol na ding pen sum leh pai, gam leh muol hilou in a zalenna uh kepbit pieh ding ahi.”
Ei India ah politics a zalenna thu kigen ka za gige a, hinanleh tuni tan in Mimal Zalenna kigen khah lam ka thei nai sih hi. Zogam a pastor te lah ah unaupa Henkhothang khu Mimal Zalenna gen masa pen hi din ka gingta hi. Atangpi in i pastor, upa, oja, nu-le-pa leh tangval thautawi te nasan in zalenna sang in thumanna (obedience) gen ut zaw uhi. Tualeh Mimal Zalenna sang in gam-le-nam zalenna kipibawl zaw gige hi. Gam zalenna maimai in lungsim, sumsin leh nehsui a Mimal Zalenna hing pethei lou ding ahi chi I theisiam masah uh poimaw tahzet hi.
Pastor Henkhothang laigelh khenkhat ka pom thei lou um nanleh, Mimal Zalenna toh kisai a athugen tangpi dih kasa hi. Adiah in Mimal Zalenna khu I shipi ngam ding leh hinpi ngam ding ahi chi khu thupi ka sa hi. “Amen” chilou gen ding ka thei sih hi. Ken zong tam bang ngaidan ZSP Golden Jubilee Magazine ah “Lungsim, sumsin leh nehsui Zalenna Gam ah” ka na gen ta hi.
USA a Mimal Zalenna hing Piandan
America pen nam tuamtuam, ham tuamtuam apat pemtha (immigrant-te) kisuh tuana mun ahiziah in a nam pumpi khaikhawm thei ding “value system” tuam deu Europe atoh kibang lou khat kisam hi. Tunitan in America te’n agam uh “land of freedom” achi nalai uhi. Washington DC a Capitol Hill leh New York a Statue of Liberty te a national symbol poimo tah uh ahia, tami monument te’n zong “Liberty” or “Freedom” a ensah uhi.
Tualeh theisiam ding khat ahileh, America te’n Freedom achi chiang un, “individual freedom” china ahia, tanglai Greek khopi classical Athen leh Rome khopi a “citizen” kichite te zalendan etton tangpi in a nei uhi. “Mimal zalenna” chi ngaidan tami tanglai khopi te apat hing kipan masa pen dan in misiamte’n a ngaisun uhi. America lamkai masate mudan in “mimal zalenna” melma lian pen ahileh monarchy (lengte), nation-state (solkar) leh Hattuam (organized church) ahi uhi. American “citizen” te’n leng nei lou ding, solkar in mimal zalenna zatat ding, Pasian mimal deidei dandan a biah thei ding, leh thau (gun) poimo dandan a zat ding leh summet utdandan a bawl theina dia “free market” nei ding a tup thupi pen uh ahi. America te’n mimal zalenna toh “free market” pen sil kibang – two sides of the same coin – dan in a ngaisun uhi. Individual Freedom=Free Market. Tami tupna leh duthusamte pen American Dream kichi hi.
Zalenna melma lian monarchy lah beita ahi ziah in, solkar khu zalenna melma hat pen ahi ta hi. Hinanleh Government umlou a gam khat ding zou lou ding ahiziah in, Solkar pen American founding father, Thomas Paine in a laibu Common Sense ah “Government even in its best state is but a necessary evil” achi hi. Dei huai lou, lah poimo zel – a necessary evil. Tuaziah in America mipi tamzaw te’n “Small Government” a dei ua, “Big Government” a muda mama uhi.
Ei India ah zong monarchy (leng) kisu bei a, hinanleh nation-state (solkar) in mimal zalenna zatat seng lou a, sumsinna a “free market” zong zatat lou a, bang kim solkar in a thunei khum ut a, tami pen License Raj, Permit Raj, or Inspector Raj pou akichi thei zel hi. Hinanleh 1991 Economic Reform apat solkal thutheina khen khat mimal citizen te khut ah piahkhiat in a um ta hi. Tami kikhelna in private sepna tampi, mobile revolution, Right to Information, leh adg. adg. apiang sah ta hi. Solkar thuneina leh mimal zalenna India a koizaw a hat zaw ei? Adawnna theisa ahi, solkar khu India ten nu-le-pa (maa-baap) dan in a en zing nalai uhi. Ei Manipur dinmun entalei, Manipur state in tribal mite tuni tan in zalenna (autonomy) hing pe ngam nai lou ua, naupang bang in hing enkol ua, zalenna zangsiam ding in hing muang zoulou nai lou moh uhi.
Mimal Zalenna leh Free Market
Mimal zalenna toh kisai a, Pu Henkhothang laigelh ka zop ut khen khat a um nalai hi. Eima zalenna maimai kikembit thei lou a, midang a zong zatat ngai hi, achi pen dih ka sa hi. I gensa bang in “mimal zalenna” leh “free market” kikhen thei lou hi. Harvard University a India mi Nobel Laureate um sun, Prof. Amartya Sen in, Development as Freedom (1999) ah zalenna lou in khandouna um thei lou a, khantouna siltup thupi pen mimal zalenna, ahidan kichian tah in agen hi.
Ei India in kipah huai tah in, political freedom bangtan ama kinei a, hinanleh free market in masawn seng nai lou hi. China in political freedom a nei lou vang in, free market anei bilbel ua, a gam uh sum-le-pai lam ah khangtou hulhul hi. Khovel in China a “economic miracle” a et in a et tho mai hi. Tualeh theisiam ding khat ahileh, Tumlam Gam hausa ten individual freedom leh free market a pomkip chiat sim uhi. Tumlam Gamte adi’n Market khu a Pasian uh ahi mai ta hi. Khovel a economist minthang pen Adam Smith in market khu “the invisible hand” achi hial a, solkar (state) nasan in a zatat angai hi.
Ahileh Pastor Thang gendan in Manipur Singtang gam ah Market i lutsah ngam diai? chi ngaisun tham ching ahi. Free Market khu gam hausatna leh mimal zalenna bulpi ahi chi lah i thei ngal a. Khovel a Market muda pen Karl Marx nasan in zong Market silbawl theina a thei a, Tumlam Gam te khovel a gam hausa pen a suahsah dante bang lamdang leh chizat huai asa hi. Ei khang ah China in Market a pomkip ta a, India in zong a pom panpan ta hi. Private leh foreign company tuamtuam te I gam ah hing lut leh sepna, siamna leh hausatna nasatah hing tun ding chi pen I thei hi. Hinanleh Khasi student lamkai khat gen dan in, “Zinte (guests) vaidawnna di’n inn bang teng satsiet sese ngai lou hi”. Agen ut ahileh, Sixth Schedule bang poimo non lou ding ima? Tami in market expansion a dal ei? Sixth Schedule in mimal zalenna a khang sah diai, awleh akiam sah diai?
Tami dotnate dawn hamsa sim hi. Aziah pen Sixth Schedule pen Indian Constitution nuai a, “hill tribal” te gam kepbitna dia kibawl ahia, Fifth Schedule pen “plain tribal” te kepbitna dia kibawl ahi. North-East India ah, Mizo, Naga, Khasi leh Garo te bang in Sixth Schedule ana mu ua, community development saupi atun hi. Hinanleh ei Manipur singtangmi te’n Fifth Schedule leh Sixth Schedule kichite i na mukha nai sih hi. Tami thu toh kisai article Mumbai a kisun Economic & Political Weekly (Vol. XLV, No. 14, April 3-9, 2010) ah kana gelh ta hi. Eite’n political status hoilou I nei ziah tampi um uhi. Aziah khat ahileh Manipur a “dominant community” unau Meitei te’n hing dal pian sim ua, tualeh unau Manipur Naga te’n zong hing lunglutpi seng lou uhi (Amau Naga politiksi ma akibuaipi tinten uhi).
Tulai khovel leh International Labour Organization in a buaipi silkhat ahileh leh “rights of tribal indigenous peoples” ahi. Tualeh liberal democratic gam zousia in “minority rights” a zatat ua, tami pen mimal zalenna toh kikal tuan lou in a pom uhi. US federal solkar in zong indigenous Red Indian te adi’n reservation gam nei a, tualeh ei India a “reservation (quota)” zong America te’n “positive discrimination policy” anei uh enton a kibawl ahizaw hi. Aziahpen I Consitution bawlpa, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in Columbia University (New York) apat lai nazil a, US dan-le-dun a theisiam mama hi.
Tuaziah in, I gam a Market ahing luttheina di’n khopi sung a company (domestic & foreign investors) te chial lut kisam hi. Etsahna din, Lamka leh Moreh bang in “private investment” tampi kisam hi. Hinanleh I singtang gam te leh I group identity (indigeneity) kizop ahiziah in, singtang gam ah Market I lutsah ngam diai chi pen gen hamsa hi. I singtang gam leh I nam hina kembit kawm a I gam a mimal zalenna leh market zalenna vaidawn thei ahi diai? I khopi nei sunsun te uah Meitei, kol-le-vai, leh Sapkang te sumpi leh siamna kidei a, zong kipoimo tham hi. Hinanleh I singtang gam ua ahing teenden ding uh hamsa kisa hi. Tu-le-tu dinmun ah solkar in I singtanggam a“land survey” ahing bawl ding zong kiphal nailou a, tami “hill area” sung pen Hausa khut ah kikoi a, free market himhim toh kisai kha lou uhi. Naga te’n singtang gam pen Community khut a akoi ua, free market pulam daih ah a um hi. Manipur Valley ah pen gam (land) khu “market” khut ah kikoi hi, sum nei te adia leithei china ahimai hi.
Thuvaihah
Tulai tah in ei lawi in Community maimai kibuaipi a, hattuam leh politics zong tami “communal level” ah kisai zing hi. Hinaleh maban ah Community, Market leh Individual bang chi selbuh ding chi I gam a chouna (challenge) thupi pen ahi ta hi. Sixth Schedule I chite “community right” toh kisai ahia, individual freedom toh kisai chet hi lou ma hi. Group a hamphatna I dei ua, hinanleh solkar toh kibang in Community in zong mimal zalenna susethei ahidan manghil lou ding a poimo hi. Ei Manipur ah minam (Community) min zang in mimal hinna leh zalenna kilahmang sah zing hi. Mimal zalenna um louna mun ah, mimal navahte (individual talent) athuah masa pen leh a shi masa pen in pang gige uhi. Tami sil mulkim huai khat ahi.
Aw Mimal Zalenna!
Khantouna suongpi det na hia
Gam hausatna tuinah na hia
Khantouna lungtup pen zong na hi.
Nang tel lou in gam-le-nam zalenna
Zong shina gu suah thei hi.
Tuaziahin Mimal Zalenna,
Nang shipi leh hinpi
Tham ching na hi!
* Dr. David Vumlallian (davidlalzou@gmail.com) in History Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Delhi, ah Assistant Professor na asem hi.
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